Controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PNV) in the ambulatory surgical unit is a continuing and vexing problem. Delayed discharges and patient discomfort have major impact in an outpatient setting. An understanding of the causes and aetiologies of PNV including anaesthetic, surgical and patient factors is critically important in the management of these patients. Therapy begins with a good history, identification of patients at risk, and the use of appropriate anaesthetic technique and agents, as well as prophylactic treatment. Aggressive postoperative treatment is also a necessity and good communication between the staff, and the patient and their family, is essential. Postoperative nausea and vomiting can be controlled in the outpatient setting, leading to better patient outcome and satisfaction, as well as a smoother and more efficiently functioning ambulatory unit.